Jody's Advice to Young Scientists
Others' Advice
- Guidebook for New Principal Investigators (includes good advice for writing papers and grants that students and postdocs should read) 
- A CV of Failures, such as this one from Johannes Haushofer (an otherwise successful Princeton prof) is a good way to highlight that even successful people have a lot of (usually hidden) failures. If you're not failing enough. you're not taken enough risks. 
- Advice from Brian Scholl: 
- Ramon Y Cajal's Advice for a Young Investigator is an amazing book 
- Some thoughts on mentors from Stephen Jay Gould 
- Grammar rules that you'll remember: 
Science
How to calculate visual angle and a proper visual angle calculator (usually you want to use “centered” version).
